Main Ref. | Clements, K.D. and J.H. Choat, 1997 |
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Remarks | Large schools form in the vicinity of rocky outcrops and in harbours under jetties. Juveniles found in estuaries, mainly in seagrass areas (Ref. 33839). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Clements, K.D. and J.H. Choat, 1997 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Clements, K.D. and J.H. Choat, 1997 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.02 | 1.92 | 0.03 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. | Clements, K.D. and J.H. Choat, 1997 |