Main Ref. | Martini, F.H., 1998 |
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Remarks | Often considered as scavengers but are more likely predators who prey on various invertebrates. Are opportunistic scavengers on invertebrate and vertebrate remains (Ref. 42339). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Martini, F.H., 1998 |
Feeding habit | feeding on dead animals (scavenger) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.77 | 0.52 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |