Main Ref. | Fedorov, V.V., 1986 |
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Remarks | Carnivorous, preys voraciously on moving animals which are swallowed whole (Ref. 46230). Feeds on small bottom invertebrates, chiefly insects (Ephemeroptera nymphs, larvae of Plecoptera and Trichoptera), crustaceans (amphipods, gammarids, crayfishes), also eggs and larvae of fishes (Ref. 4698). Short-lived species (Ref. 46230). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Fedorov, V.V., 1986 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Fedorov, V.V., 1986 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.23 | 0.24 | 3.13 | 0.38 | Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.28 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Smyly, W.J.P., 1957 |