Main Ref. | Philippart, J.-C. and J.-C. Ruwet, 1982 |
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Remarks | Remains in the inshore zone of Lake Tanganyika and has not colonized the open waters of the lake. Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: frequently in sandy streams, occasionally on rocky streams, abundant in standing deep water, common in shallow swamps, and frequently in shallow flood plains (Ref. 037065). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. | Halwart, M. and M.V. Gupta, 2004 |
Fonte Biblio. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly plants/detritus (troph. 2-2.19) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Chifamba, P.C., 1990 |
Feeding habit | grazing on aquatic plants |
Feeding habit Ref. | Chifamba, P.C., 1990 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Commento | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.31 | 0.06 | 2.31 | 0.18 | Troph of adults from 4 studies. |
From individual food items | 2.13 | 0.00 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Fonte Biblio. | Batchelor, G.R., 1978 |