Main Ref. | Steene, R.C., 1978 |
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Remarks | An uncommon species found in areas of rich coral growth of lagoon and protected reef flats and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Often in pairs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on sea anemones, polychaetes, and octocorallian and scleractinian coral polyps. In captivity, this species should be fed algae stones and the so-called 'feeding stones' which are prepared by spreading the food pulp over the stone (Ref. 4859). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Nguyen, N.T. and V.Q. Nguyen, 2006 |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 4.32 | 3.22 | 0.40 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
From individual food items | 3.40 | 0.45 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Sano, M., 1989 |