Main Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
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Remarks | Found on the continental shelf, generally near the coast but also in deeper waters; penetrated estuaries. Juveniles are often found in estuarine waters. Feeds mainly on silver-colored fishes, but also takes squids, shrimps and other invertebrates. Piscivore (Ref. 57615). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
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Associations | |
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Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1995 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.05 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |