Main Ref. | Westneat, M.W., 2001 |
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Remarks | Inhabits rocky or coral areas (Ref. 9311). Sometimes also found on sandy bottoms and where marine plants abound (Ref. 9311). Solitary or forms aggregations of only a few individuals. Feeds on crabs, brittle stars, mollusks, and sea urchins (Ref. 9311). At night, agglomerates in cracks and crevices of rocks and caves to sleep (Ref. 9311). Mobile invertebrate feeder (Ref. 57615). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Gomon, M.F., 1995 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Westneat, M.W., 2001 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff, 2006 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.44 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |