Main Ref. | Andrade, P.M. and F.M.S. Braga, 2005 |
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Remarks | Common in creeks, rivers, swamps and lakes. An opportunistic diurnal feeder, eating detritus and plant material, preying on small aquatic animals, including small fish. Very resistant to low temperatures. (Ref.59043). No seasonal or size-related changes in feeding intensity were found, but the diet changed across rivers, over time and throughout ontogeny (Ref. 75855). Fish tend to use the most abundant and easily accessible food items (Ref. 75855). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ribeiro, F., R.L. Orjuela, M.F. Magalha˜es and M.J. Collares-Pereira, 2007 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ribeiro, F., R.L. Orjuela, M.F. Magalha˜es and M.J. Collares-Pereira, 2007 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.33 | 0.48 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |