主要參考文獻 | Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983 |
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附註 | Feeds on fish and invertebrates (Ref. 28499). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
參考文獻 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Armstrong, R.H., 1996 |
攝取食物的習慣 | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
從食物內容 | |||||
從個別的食物項目 | 3.51 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
參考文獻 |