Main Ref. | Novoselov, A.P., 1987 |
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Remarks | Occurs in shoals near the surface. Feeds mainly on plankton, including crustaceans (Ref. 30578) and insects (Ref. 9696). Excellent as bait for carnivorous fishes. Feeds at the surface in open water and in the coves, while it forages along the bottom in shallower shore zone (Ref. 46637). Feeding intensity high during summer and beginning of autumn and showed a decline in winter (Ref. 42428). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Acuan | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Novoselov, A.P., 1987 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Novoselov, A.P., 1987 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.01 | 0.18 | |||
From individual food items | 2.70 | 0.29 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Acuan | Novoselov, A.P., 1987 |