Main Ref. | Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987 |
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Remarks | Solitary at present because rare (Ref. 231). Feeding ceases during migration and spawning (Ref. 89072). Adults feed on benthic invertebrates and fish (Ref. 231, 51442), larvae and juveniles feed on small crustaceans and insect larvae (Ref. 51442, 89072). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Fischer, W., M.-L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.), 1987 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Rochard, E. and P. Elie, 1994 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.51 | 0.51 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |