Ref. principal | Matsuura, K., 2001 |
---|---|
Notas | Inhabit coastal areas, usually found over muddy and sandy bottoms, also around reefs, together with the sponges and algae (Ref. 5213). Feed on benthic animals (Ref. 9769). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
|
|
|
|
Substrate | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; silt; mud; |
---|---|
Substrate Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
Ref. | |
---|---|
Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
---|---|
Feeding type Ref. | Ivantsoff, W., 1999 |
Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | 3.64 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |||
Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.85 | 0.61 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Kulbicki, M., Y.-M. Bozec, P. Labrosse, Y. Letourneur, G. Mou-Tham and L. Wantiez, 2005 |