| Citation | Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra, 2011, Groupers of the world: a field and market guide.. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group. 356 p. |
| Ref. | 89707 Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra, 2011 |
| Page | 194 |
| Named Used as Valid | Epinephelus miliaris |
| Comment | Habitat: |
| Locality | |
| Distribution | Indo-Central Pacific: East Africa (excluding the Red Sea and Persian Gulf) to the Gilbert Islands and Samoa, extending north to the Ryukyu Islands (Japan) |
| Quote | Reef-associated; mud bottoms, seagrass beds, mangrove swamps and from coral reefs in depths of 1-16 m; adults in coral reefs at depths og 18-180 m |